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Passage Four
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Every fall, like clockwork, Linda Krentz of Beaverton, Oregon, felt
her brain go on strike. “I just couldn’t get going in the morning,”
she says. “I’d get depressed and gain 10 pounds every winter and lose
them again in the spring.” Then she read about seasonal affective
disorder, a form of depression that occurs in fall and winter, and
she saw the light-literally. Every morning now she turns on a specially
constructed light box for half an hour and sits in front of it to
trick her brain into thinking it’s still enjoying those long summer
days. It seems to work.
Krentz is not alone. Scientists estimate that 10 million Americans
suffer from seasonal depression and 25 million more develop milder
versions. But there’s never been definitive proof that treatment with
very bright lights makes a difference. After all, it’s hard to do
a double-blind test when the subjects can see for themselves whether
or not the light is on. That’s why nobody has ever separated the real
effects of light therapy from placebo(安慰剂) effects.
Until now. In three separate studies published last month, researchers
report not only that light therapy works better than a placebo but
that treatment is usually more effective in the early morning than
in the evening. In two of the groups, the placebo problem was resolved
by telling patients they were comparing light boxes to a new anti-depressant
device that emits negatively charged ions(离子). The third used the
timing of light therapy as the control.
Why does light therapy work? No one really knows. “Our research suggests
it has something to do with shifting the body’s internal clock,” says
psychiatrist Dr. Lewey. The body is programmed to start the day with
sunrise, he explains, and this gets later as the days get shorter.
But why such subtle shifts make some people depressed and not others
is a mystery.
That hasn’t stopped thousands of winter depressives from trying to
heal themselves. Light boxes for that purpose are available without
a doctor’s prescription. That bothers psychologist Michael Terman
of Columbia University. He is worried that the boxes may be tried
by patients who suffer from mental illness that can’t be treated with
light. Terman has developed a questionnaire to help determine whether
expert care is needed.
In any event, you should choose a reputable manufacturer. Whatever
product you use should emit only visible light, because ultraviolet
light damages the eyes. If you are photosensitive(对光敏感的), you may
develop a rash. Otherwise, the main drawback is having to sit in front
of the light for 30 to 60 minutes in the morning. That’s an inconvenience
many winter depressives can live with.
26. What is the probable cause of Krentz’s problem?
A) An unexpected gain in body weight.
B) Unexplained impairment of her nervous system.
C) Weakening of her eyesight with the setting in of winter.
D) Poor adjustment of her body clock to seasonal changes.
27. By saying that Linda Krentz “saw the light”(Line 4, Para. 1),
the author means that she “ ”.
A) learned how to lose weight
B) realized what her problem was
C) came to see the importance of light
D) became light-hearted and cheerful
28. What is the CURRENT view concerning the treatment of seasonal
depression with bright lights?
A) Its effect remains to be seen.
B) It serves as a kind of placebo.
C) It proves to be an effective therapy.
D) It hardly produces any effects.
29. What is psychologist Michael Terman’s major concern?
A) Winter depressives will be addicted to using light boxes.
B) No mental patients would bother to consult psychiatrists.
C) Inferior light boxes will emit harmful ultraviolet lights.
D) Light therapy could be misused by certain mental patients.
30. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Winter depressives prefer light therapy in spite of its inconvenience.
B) Light therapy increases the patient’s photosensitivity.
C) Eye damage is a side effect of light therapy.
D) Light boxes can be programmed to correspond to shifts in the body
clock.
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each
sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the
NOE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding
letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
31. Susan has the elbows of her son’s jacket with leather patches
to make it more durable.
A) reinforced B) sustained
C) steadied D) confirmed
32. Although we tried to concentrate on the lecture, we were by the
noise form the next room.
A) distracted B) displaced
C) dispersed D) discarded
33. The reason why so many children like to eat this new brand of
biscuit is that it is particularly sweet and .
A) fragile B) feeble
C) brisk D) crisp
34. Don’t trust the speaker any more, since the remarks he made in
his lectures are never with the facts.
A) symmetrical B) comparative
C) compatible D) harmonious
35. They had to eat a(n) meal, or they would be too late for the
concert.
A) temporary B) hasty
C) immediate D) urgent
36. Having a(n) attitude towards people with different ideas is an
indication that one has been well educated.
A) analytical B) bearable
C) elastic D) tolerant
37. No form of government in the world is ; each system reflects
the history and present needs of the region or the nation.
A) dominant B) influential
C) integral D) drastic
38. In spite of the economic forecast, manufacturing output has risen
slightly.
A) faint B) dizzy
C) gloomy D) opaque
39. Too often Dr. Johnson’s lectures how to protect the doctor rather
than how to cure the patient.
A) look to B) dwell on
C) permeate into D) shrug off
40. Located in Washington D.C., the Library of Congress contains
an impressive of books on every conceivable subject.
A) flock B) configuration
C) pile D) array
41. Some felt that they were hurrying into an epoch of unprecedented
enlightenment, in which better education and beneficial technology
would wealth and leisure for all.
A) maintain B) ensure
C) certify D) console
42. Fiberoptic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations
.
A) homogeneously B) spontaneously
C) simultaneously D) ingeniously
43. Excellent films are those which national and cultural barriers.
A) transcend B) traverse
C) abolish D) suppress
44. The law of supply and demand will eventually take care of a shortage
or of dentists.
A) surge B) surplus
C) flush D) fluctuation
45. One third of the Chinese in the United States live in California,
in the San Francisco area.
A) remarkably B) severely
C) drastically D) predominantly
46. After the terrible accident, I discovered that my ear was becoming
less .
A) sensible B) sensitive
C) sentimental D) sensational
47. Now the cheers and applause in a single sustained roar.
A) mingled B) tangled
C) baffled D) huddled
48. Among all the public holidays, National Day seems to be the most
joyful to the people of the country; on that day the whole country
is in a festival atmosphere.
A) trapped B) sunk
C) soaked D) immersed
49. The wooden cases must be secured by overall metal strapping so
that they can be strong enough to stand rough handling during .
A) transit B) motion
C) shift D) traffic
50. Nowadays many rural people flock to the city to look for jobs
on the assumption that the streets there are with gold.
A) overwhelmed B) stocked
C) paved D) overlapped
51. It is a wellknown fact that the cat family lions and tigers.
A) enriches B) accommodates
C) adopts D) embraces
52. My boss has failed me so many times that I no longer place any
on what he promises.
A) assurance B) probability
C) reliance D) conformity
53. The English language contains a of words which are comparatively
seldom used in ordinary conversation.
A) latitude B) multitude
C) magnitude D) longitude
54. It was such a(n) when Pat and Mike met each other in Tokyo. Each
thought that the other was still in Hong Kong.
A) occurrence B) coincidence
C) fancy D) destiny
55. Parents have to learn how to follow a bodys behavior and adapt
the tone of their to the badys capabilities.
A) perceptions B) consultations
C) interactions D) interruptions
56. Governments today play an increasingly larger role in the of
welfare, economics, and education.
A) scopes B) ranges
C) ranks D) domains
57. If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be to
work hard, with the result that tax revenues might actually shrink.
A) cultivated B) licensed
C) motivated D) innovated
58. Jack is not very decisive, and he always finds himself in a as
if he doesn’t know what he really wants to do.
A) fantasy B) dilemma
C) contradiction D) conflict
59. He is a promising young man who is now studying at our graduate
school. As his supervisor, I would like to him to your notice.
A) commend B) decree
C) presume D) articulate
60. It was a wonderful occasion which we will for many years to come.
A) conceive B) clutch
C) contrive D) cherish
Part Ⅳ Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each
blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right
side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the
passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with
a single line through the centre.
Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other
blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby
shut 61 from the world of books and newspapers, having to 62 on friends
to read aloud to them.
A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer
which is a major 63 in providing aid to the 64 . His machine, Cyclops,
has a camera that 65 any page, interprets the print into sounds, and
then delivers them orally in a robot-like 66 through a speaker. By
pressing the appropriate buttons 67 Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person
can “read” any 68 document in the English language.
This remarkable invention represents a tremendous 69 forward in the
education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs ＄50,000. 70
, Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller 71 improved
version that will sell 72 less than half that price. Within a few
years, Kurzweil 73 the price range will be low enough for every school
and library to 74 one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation
for the Blind, hopes that 75 will be able to buy home 76 of Cyclops
for the price of a good television set.
Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing
them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind
people have been 77 in those tests, making lots of 78 suggestions
to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops.
“This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual
studies 79 a product was put on the market,” Hingson said. “Most manufacturers
believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled
people to teach other disabled people. In that 80 , the manufacturers
have been the blind ones.”
61. A) up B) down C) in D) off
62. A) dwell B) rely C) press D) urge
63. A) execution B) distinction C) breakthrough D) process
64. A) paralyzed B) uneducated C) invisible D) sightless
65. A) scans B) enlarges C) sketches D) projects
66. A) behavior B) expression C) movement D) voice
67. A) on B) at C) in D) from
68. A) visual B) printed C) virtual D) spoken
69. A) stride B) trail C) haul D) footprint
70. A) Likewise B) Moreover C) However D) Though
71. A) but B) than C) or D) then
72. A) on B) for C) through D) to
73. A) estimates B) considers C) counts D) determines
74. A) settle B) own C) invest D) retain
75. A) schools B) children C) families D) companies
76. A) models B) modes C) cases D) collections
77. A) producing B) researching C) ascertaining D) assisting
78. A) true B) valuable C) authentic D) pleasant
79. A) after B) when C) before D) as
80. A) occasion B) moment C) sense D) event
Section B Compound Dictation
Certain phrases one commonly hears among Americans capture their
devotion to individualism: “Do you own thing.” ”I did it my way.”
”You’ll have to decided that for yourself.” “You made your bed, now
(S1) in it.” “if you don’t look out for yourself, no one else will.”
“Look out for number one.”
Closely (S2) with the value they place on indi8vidualism is the importance
Americans (S3) to privacy. Americans assume that people need some
time to themselves or some time alone to think about things or recover
their (S4) psychological energy. Americans have great (S5) understanding
foreigners who always want to be with another person who dislike being
alone.
If the parents can (S6) it, each child will have his or her own bedroom.
Having one’s own bedroom, her books, her books and so on. These things
will be hers and no one else’s.
Americans assumer that (S9). Doctors, lawyers, psychologists, and
others have rules governing confidentiality that are intended to prevent
information about their clients’ personal situations form becoming
known to others.
American’s attitude about privacy can be hard for foreigners to understand.
(10) . When those boundaries are crossed , an American’s body will
visibly stiffen and his manner will become cool and aloof.
Part Ⅴ Writing
In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled
Say No to Pirated Products.
1. 目前盗版的现象比较严重
2. 造成这种现象的原因及危害
3. 我们应该怎么做？
盗版 piracy (n.) 盗版产品 pirated products 知识产权 intellectual property rights
侵犯版权 infringe sb’s copyright; copyright infringement
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